Reliability Engineering

Plain-English Definition#

Reliability Engineering is the discipline of designing, operating, maintaining, and continuously improving physical assets so they perform their required functions safely, consistently, and cost-effectively throughout their intended life.

Rather than focusing only on repairing equipment after failure, Reliability Engineering seeks to understand why failures occur, eliminate their causes, and continuously improve asset performance.

Reliability Engineering combines engineering principles, maintenance strategy, operational discipline, asset management, and data analysis to reduce risk and improve business performance.

Its ultimate objective is not simply to improve equipment.

Its objective is to improve the business through more reliable assets.

Executive Summary#

Reliability Engineering is one of the foundational disciplines of modern asset management.

It provides the framework for making informed decisions about maintenance, asset design, equipment operation, capital replacement, and continuous improvement.

Maintenance restores equipment.

Reliability Engineering improves equipment.

A mature Reliability Engineering program seeks to answer questions such as:

• Why did this equipment fail?
• How can similar failures be prevented?
• Is this the correct maintenance strategy?
• Are we maintaining the right assets?
• Are we spending maintenance resources effectively?
• How can asset reliability be improved over the next five years?

Reliability Engineering transforms maintenance from a reactive support function into a strategic business capability.

Why Reliability Engineering Matters#

Most organizations spend the majority of their maintenance resources reacting to failures.

Emergency work consumes labor. Equipment failures interrupt production. Repeated breakdowns reduce confidence in maintenance.

Reliability Engineering changes this cycle.

Instead of asking:

"How do we repair this?"

it asks:

"Why did this happen?"

and

"How do we prevent it from happening again?"

Every improvement compounds over time through:

• More planned work
• Better schedule compliance
• Lower maintenance costs
• Longer asset life
• Higher production availability
• Improved safety
• Greater customer satisfaction

The greatest value of Reliability Engineering is preventing tomorrow's failures.

What Reliability Engineering Is#

Reliability Engineering is a systematic process for improving asset performance by understanding failure behavior and reducing business risk.

It integrates:

• Asset Management
• Maintenance Strategy
• Preventive Maintenance
• Predictive Maintenance
• Maintenance Planning
• Maintenance Scheduling
• Work Management
• Failure Modes
• Root Cause Analysis
• FMEA
• Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM)
• Asset Criticality Analysis
• Precision Maintenance
• Continuous Improvement

Together these disciplines form a complete reliability system.

What Reliability Engineering Is Not#

Reliability Engineering is not:

• A vibration program
• A preventive maintenance program
• A predictive maintenance program
• Root Cause Analysis
• CMMS administration
• Maintenance Planning
• Equipment repair
• KPI reporting
• Purchasing technology

Each supports Reliability Engineering.

None alone is Reliability Engineering.

Objectives of Reliability Engineering#

An effective Reliability Engineering program should:

• Improve equipment reliability
• Increase asset availability
• Reduce maintenance costs
• Eliminate repeat failures
• Improve maintenance effectiveness
• Increase planned work
• Reduce emergency maintenance
• Improve equipment life
• Improve operational safety
• Improve production performance
• Optimize capital spending

Reliability Engineering Philosophy#

Reliability Engineering is built on three beliefs:

1. Every failure has a cause.
2. Every cause can be understood.
3. Many causes can be prevented.

Reliability is created by preventing failures—not by repairing them faster.

Reliability Engineering vs. Maintenance#

The strongest organizations integrate both disciplines.

Core Principles#

Understand Asset Functions#

Every asset exists to perform one or more business functions.

Understand Failure Behavior#

Study:

• Failure Modes
• Failure Mechanisms
• Failure Effects
• Failure Consequences

Reduce Risk#

Prioritize work using Asset Criticality Analysis.

Eliminate Defects#

Treat recurring failures as opportunities for permanent improvement.

Continuously Improve#

Use equipment history, maintenance data, lessons learned, and reliability studies to improve over time.

Inputs#

Typical inputs include:

• Asset Register
• Asset Criticality Analysis
• CMMS History
• Failure Codes
• Work Orders
• OEM Documentation
• PM History
• PdM Data
• Production Data
• Financial Information
• Technician Knowledge

Outputs#

Reliability Engineering produces:

• Maintenance Strategies
• PM Optimization
• PdM Programs
• Failure Mode Libraries
• RCA Recommendations
• FMEA Studies
• Reliability KPIs
• Asset Standards
• Capital Replacement Recommendations
• Reliability Improvement Plans

Merge Decision Notes#

• Version 1.1 (2026-07-24): Merged stronger material from duplicate record `reliability-engineering-fundamentals` after user decision; retired duplicate remains archived outside active Knowledge Library validation.

Version 1.0

Initial Reliability Engineering foundation established.

Reliability Engineering Framework#

Reliability Engineering should not be treated as a collection of isolated tools.

It should operate as a connected framework that improves asset performance across the full maintenance and asset lifecycle.

A practical Reliability Engineering framework includes:

1. Asset understanding
2. Criticality analysis
3. Failure mode identification
4. Maintenance strategy selection
5. Work management integration
6. Reliability analysis
7. Defect elimination
8. Continuous improvement
9. Lifecycle decision support

Each element supports the others.

Reliability Engineering fails when organizations use tools without connecting them to execution.

Asset Understanding#

Reliability begins with understanding the asset.

Before improving reliability, the organization must know:

• What the asset is
• Where it is located
• What function it performs
• What system it belongs to
• How it operates
• How it fails
• What consequences failure creates
• What maintenance is currently performed

Poor asset data weakens every reliability activity that follows.

The asset register, asset hierarchy, and equipment master data provide the foundation for Reliability Engineering.

Asset Criticality Integration#

Asset Criticality Analysis determines where reliability effort should be focused.

Not every asset requires the same level of analysis.

Critical assets typically justify:

• More detailed failure mode analysis
• More robust PM strategies
• Predictive Maintenance
• Spare parts review
• Reliability improvement projects
• Capital replacement analysis
• Root Cause Analysis after major failures

Low-criticality assets may be better managed using simple inspection, corrective maintenance, or run-to-failure strategies.

Reliability Engineering should focus first on business risk.

Failure Mode Integration#

Failure Modes are central to Reliability Engineering.

Every maintenance strategy should answer:

• What failure mode are we trying to prevent?
• What failure mode are we trying to detect?
• What consequence are we trying to reduce?
• What evidence tells us the strategy is working?

Without failure mode understanding, organizations often build maintenance programs based on habits, opinions, or generic OEM guidance.

Failure-mode thinking improves:

• PM task development
• PdM technology selection
• RCA quality
• FMEA studies
• RCM decisions
• Spare parts strategy
• Equipment redesign

Maintenance Strategy Selection#

Reliability Engineering helps determine the correct maintenance strategy for each asset and failure mode.

Common strategies include:

• Run-to-Failure
• Corrective Maintenance
• Preventive Maintenance
• Predictive Maintenance
• Condition-Based Maintenance
• Reliability-Centered Maintenance
• Risk-Based Maintenance
• Redesign or Defect Elimination

The correct strategy depends on:

• Asset criticality
• Failure mode
• Failure consequence
• Detectability
• Cost
• Safety
• Regulatory requirements
• Available technology
• Operational constraints

A maintenance strategy should be selected intentionally.

It should never be inherited without review.

Reliability Engineering and Work Management#

Reliability Engineering must connect to the daily work management process.

Otherwise, reliability studies become reports that do not change field execution.

Reliability recommendations should flow into:

• Work Orders
• Preventive Maintenance
• Predictive Maintenance Routes
• Planning
• Scheduling
• Backlog Management
• Job Plans
• Spare Parts
• Capital Projects

The work order system is one of the primary places where reliability strategy becomes real.

If reliability recommendations do not turn into executable work, they have limited value.

Reliability Engineering and Planning#

Planning turns reliability recommendations into executable work packages.

Examples:

• A failure mode study identifies recurring coupling failures.
• Reliability Engineering recommends precision alignment.
• Planning creates standard job plans.
• Parts and tools are identified.
• Technicians execute the improved work package.

Reliability Engineering improves planning by providing better technical direction.

Planning improves Reliability Engineering by ensuring recommendations are executable.

Reliability Engineering and Scheduling#

Scheduling ensures reliability work is executed at the right time.

Reliability work often competes with emergency work, PMs, production needs, and limited labor capacity.

Schedulers should understand which reliability-driven work has the greatest business value.

Critical reliability work should not disappear inside the backlog.

Examples include:

• Corrective work from PdM findings
• RCA corrective actions
• Bad actor improvements
• Safety-related reliability work
• Critical asset PM improvements

Reliability Engineering and Scheduling must work together to protect high-value work.

Reliability Engineering and Backlog Management#

The backlog contains many reliability signals.

A reliability-focused backlog review should identify:

• Repeat work orders
• Aging critical work
• PM follow-up work
• PdM findings
• Emergency work trends
• Deferred reliability improvements
• Recurring asset problems

A backlog is not just a list of unfinished jobs.

It is a source of reliability intelligence.

Reliability Engineering and CMMS Data#

The CMMS is one of the most important sources of reliability data.

Useful CMMS data includes:

• Asset history
• Work order descriptions
• Labor hours
• Parts usage
• Failure codes
• Cause codes
• Remedy codes
• PM compliance
• Emergency work
• Downtime
• Backlog aging

However, CMMS data is only useful when it is accurate and consistently entered.

Reliability Engineering should influence CMMS standards so the data collected supports analysis.

Reliability Engineering and Failure Codes#

Failure codes help convert work order history into reliability information.

Recommended coding includes:

• Problem Code
• Failure Mode
• Cause Code
• Remedy Code
• Component Code

Good failure coding helps identify patterns.

Poor failure coding hides patterns.

Reliability Engineering should help define failure coding standards and train users on how to apply them.

Reliability Engineering and Maintenance KPIs#

Reliability Engineering uses KPIs to understand performance and identify improvement opportunities.

Useful metrics include:

• Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
• Mean Time To Repair (MTTR)
• Availability
• Emergency Work Percentage
• Repeat Failure Rate
• PM Compliance
• PdM Findings Closed Before Failure
• Schedule Compliance
• Planned Work Percentage
• Maintenance Cost by Asset
• Bad Actor Assets

Metrics should support decisions.

They should not exist only for reporting.

Reliability Improvement Process#

A practical reliability improvement process includes:

1. Identify performance gap.
2. Define the asset or system.
3. Gather data.
4. Identify failure patterns.
5. Determine criticality.
6. Identify failure modes.
7. Analyze root causes.
8. Select corrective actions.
9. Convert actions into work.
10. Verify results.
11. Standardize improvements.

The process should be simple enough to use repeatedly.

Bad Actor Analysis#

Bad actors are assets, systems, or failure modes that repeatedly consume maintenance resources or create operational risk.

Common bad actor indicators include:

• Frequent failures
• High downtime
• High repair cost
• Excess emergency work
• Repeat work orders
• High spare parts usage
• Production disruption

Reliability Engineering should maintain a bad actor list and review it regularly.

Bad actor work should be connected to improvement projects, not just repeated repairs.

Defect Elimination#

Defect elimination is the process of identifying and removing the causes of recurring failures.

Defects may include:

• Poor installation
• Contamination
• Misalignment
• Improper lubrication
• Poor operating practices
• Weak PM tasks
• Design limitations
• Poor parts quality
• Inadequate training

Defect elimination is one of the most practical forms of Reliability Engineering.

It focuses on removing small problems before they become large failures.

Precision Maintenance#

Precision Maintenance improves reliability by ensuring maintenance work is performed to exact standards.

Examples include:

• Precision alignment
• Proper torque
• Correct lubrication quantity
• Proper bearing installation
• Clean hydraulic practices
• Proper belt tension
• Correct electrical terminations
• Proper balancing

Many failures are introduced during maintenance work.

Reliability Engineering should help standardize precision practices that reduce maintenance-induced defects.

Reliability Engineering Decision Matrix#

Reliability Engineering Execution#

Reliability Engineering creates value only when recommendations are implemented.

The execution phase converts engineering analysis into measurable operational improvements.

Successful execution requires close collaboration between:

• Reliability Engineers
• Maintenance Planners
• Maintenance Supervisors
• Technicians
• Operations
• Storeroom Personnel
• Engineering
• Leadership

Reliability is a team responsibility rather than the responsibility of one department.

Reliability Data Analysis#

Reliability decisions should be based on objective data rather than assumptions.

Common sources include:

• CMMS work history
• Equipment downtime
• Production losses
• PM completion history
• PdM inspection results
• Failure codes
• Labor hours
• Spare parts consumption
• Warranty records
• OEM recommendations

Trend analysis often reveals improvement opportunities that individual failures do not.

Reliability Reviews#

High-performing organizations conduct routine reliability reviews.

Recommended review frequencies include:

Daily:

• Critical equipment failures
• Emergency work

Weekly:

• Bad actor review
• PdM findings
• PM follow-up work

Monthly:

• Reliability KPIs
• Failure trends
• Asset performance

Quarterly:

• Maintenance strategy review
• Asset criticality validation
• Major reliability projects

Annual:

• Reliability roadmap
• Asset lifecycle review
• Capital replacement planning

Regular reviews ensure reliability remains an active management process.

Asset Health Management#

Asset health should be monitored throughout the equipment lifecycle.

Typical indicators include:

• Reliability
• Availability
• Downtime
• Failure frequency
• Maintenance cost
• Energy consumption
• Equipment condition
• Remaining useful life
• Production performance

Asset health should be evaluated using multiple indicators rather than a single KPI.

Lifecycle Cost Analysis#

Reliability Engineering considers the total lifecycle cost of an asset.

Costs include:

• Initial purchase
• Installation
• Commissioning
• Maintenance
• Energy
• Downtime
• Spare parts
• Reliability improvements
• Disposal
• Replacement

The lowest purchase price rarely produces the lowest lifecycle cost.

Capital Replacement Decisions#

Reliability Engineering supports capital planning by identifying assets that no longer provide acceptable business value.

Replacement considerations include:

• Increasing maintenance costs
• Reduced reliability
• Safety concerns
• Obsolete components
• Limited spare parts availability
• Reduced production capacity
• High lifecycle cost

Replacement decisions should be supported by data rather than age alone.

Reliability Roadmaps#

Organizations should maintain a multi-year reliability roadmap.

Typical roadmap initiatives include:

Year 1

• Asset register improvement
• Asset criticality analysis
• PM optimization

Year 2

• Predictive Maintenance expansion
• Failure mode library
• Failure code standardization

Year 3

• Reliability dashboards
• Defect elimination
• Precision Maintenance
• Reliability culture development

Roadmaps provide long-term direction while allowing continuous improvement.

Organizational Roles#

Successful Reliability Engineering requires clearly defined responsibilities.

Reliability Engineer

• Analyze failures
• Improve maintenance strategies
• Lead reliability studies
• Monitor KPIs

Maintenance Planner

• Convert recommendations into executable work

Maintenance Supervisor

• Ensure work quality
• Support implementation

Operations

• Report abnormal equipment conditions
• Participate in reliability improvements

Technicians

• Execute work
• Identify developing defects
• Provide practical feedback

Leadership

• Remove barriers
• Allocate resources
• Support long-term improvement

Reliability Culture#

Technology alone does not improve reliability.

Organizations require a culture that values:

• Continuous improvement
• Standard work
• Precision
• Learning
• Data-driven decisions
• Cross-functional collaboration
• Accountability

Culture determines whether reliability becomes sustainable.

Common Challenges#

Organizations frequently struggle because they:

• Focus only on emergency work
• Ignore recurring failures
• Collect data without analysis
• Lack standardized failure codes
• Treat PM compliance as the only measure of success
• Underinvest in planning
• Fail to prioritize reliability work
• Lack leadership support

Recognizing these challenges is the first step toward improvement.

Reliability Audits#

Periodic audits should verify:

• Asset criticality is current.
• Maintenance strategies remain appropriate.
• PM tasks align with failure modes.
• PdM technologies target the correct assets.
• Failure codes are consistently used.
• CMMS data quality is acceptable.
• Reliability KPIs are reviewed.
• Corrective actions are completed.
• Lessons learned are documented.

Audits identify gaps before they become systemic problems.

Case Study#

The following is an illustrative composite drawn from common patterns across maintenance organizations, not a specific documented case.

A beverage manufacturing facility experienced repeated gearbox failures on a high-speed packaging line.

Rather than replacing gearboxes more frequently, the reliability team completed:

• Failure mode analysis
• Vibration analysis
• Oil analysis
• Precision alignment verification
• Lubrication review

The investigation determined that contamination during maintenance activities was causing premature bearing failure.

The facility implemented:

• Improved contamination control
• Precision maintenance procedures
• Updated PM job plans
• Technician training

Within eighteen months:

• Gearbox failures declined significantly.
• Emergency work decreased.
• Production uptime improved.
• Maintenance costs were reduced.

The largest improvement resulted from eliminating the defect rather than increasing maintenance frequency.

Continuous Improvement#

Reliability Engineering is an ongoing management system.

Continuous improvement activities include:

• Reliability assessments
• PM optimization
• PdM expansion
• Failure mode reviews
• RCA implementation
• Equipment redesign
• Maintenance process improvements
• Technology evaluation
• Workforce development

Every improvement should be documented, measured, and standardized.

Knowledge Graph Updates#

Future Knowledge Library topics introduced:

• Reliability Program Development
• Defect Elimination
• Precision Maintenance
• Reliability Culture
• Reliability Roadmaps
• Asset Health Management
• Reliability Analytics
• Design for Reliability
• Lifecycle Cost Analysis
• Bad Actor Analysis
• Reliability Improvement Process
• Reliability KPIs
• Failure Code Standards
• Maintenance-Induced Failure
• Reliability Data Quality
• Reliability Auditing
• Continuous Reliability Improvement
• Capital Replacement Analysis
• Reliability Governance
• Maintenance Excellence

Industry Applications#

Food Manufacturing#

Reliability Engineering plays a critical role in food manufacturing by improving equipment availability while supporting food safety, sanitation, and regulatory compliance.

Typical focus areas include:

• Refrigeration systems
• Packaging equipment
• Conveyors
• Process pumps
• Steam systems
• Utilities
• Compressed air
• Electrical distribution

Reliability improvements reduce unplanned downtime, product loss, and maintenance costs while supporting on-time customer deliveries.

Distribution and Warehousing#

Distribution facilities rely on dependable material handling systems.

Reliability Engineering commonly focuses on:

• Conveyors
• Sortation systems
• Dock equipment
• Forklifts
• Battery charging systems
• HVAC systems
• Emergency generators

Reducing failures improves shipping performance and customer service.

Municipal Utilities#

Utilities depend on reliable infrastructure operating continuously.

Priority assets include:

• High-service pumps
• Lift stations
• Blowers
• Treatment equipment
• Chemical feed systems
• Electrical substations
• Emergency power

Reliability Engineering helps reduce service interruptions while maintaining regulatory compliance.

Commercial Facilities#

Commercial facilities benefit from improved reliability through reduced emergency repairs and improved occupant comfort.

Typical systems include:

• HVAC
• Boilers
• Chillers
• Cooling towers
• Fire protection
• Elevators
• Electrical systems
• Plumbing infrastructure

Small Manufacturing#

Small manufacturers should prioritize assets that directly affect production throughput and customer commitments.

Typical assets include:

• CNC equipment
• Compressors
• Process pumps
• Dust collection systems
• Production conveyors

Reliability Engineering often begins with only a handful of critical assets before expanding across the facility.

Reliability Engineering for Small Business Owners#

Small businesses often practice Reliability Engineering without using the term.

Examples include:

• Keeping spare parts on hand
• Performing preventive maintenance
• Monitoring equipment condition
• Tracking repair history
• Replacing chronic problem equipment
• Standardizing maintenance procedures

A simple reliability program built around these concepts can significantly reduce operating costs and business interruptions.

Reliability Engineering Maturity Model#

Level 1 — Reactive#

Characteristics:

• Equipment repaired after failure
• No structured reliability process
• High emergency work

Level 2 — Developing#

Characteristics:

• Basic PM program
• Limited failure analysis
• Some KPI reporting
• Informal reliability improvements

Level 3 — Managed#

Characteristics:

• Asset criticality completed
• Failure mode analysis performed
• PdM program established
• Reliability KPIs reviewed
• Reliability projects prioritized

Level 4 — Optimized#

Characteristics:

• Reliability embedded in company culture
• Enterprise asset strategies
• Defect elimination program
• AI-supported analytics
• Continuous optimization
• Lifecycle asset management

Reliability Engineering KPIs#

Recommended metrics include:

• Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
• Mean Time To Repair (MTTR)
• Availability
• Reliability Growth
• Repeat Failure Rate
• Emergency Work Percentage
• Planned Work Percentage
• PM Compliance
• PdM Findings Corrected Before Failure
• Schedule Compliance
• Maintenance Cost per Asset
• Lifecycle Maintenance Cost
• Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)
• Bad Actor Reduction
• Asset Health Score

Metrics should demonstrate business improvement rather than simply maintenance activity.

Common Mistakes#

Organizations frequently:

• Focus only on maintenance execution.
• Ignore recurring failures.
• Treat PM as the entire reliability program.
• Collect data without acting on it.
• Fail to prioritize critical assets.
• Skip failure mode analysis.
• Ignore technician knowledge.
• Measure activity instead of results.
• Underinvest in planning and precision maintenance.
• Expect technology alone to improve reliability.

Reliability Engineering succeeds through disciplined processes supported by people, data, and leadership.

Best Practices#

• Understand asset functions before selecting maintenance strategies.
• Prioritize work using asset criticality.
• Build maintenance programs around failure modes.
• Integrate PM and PdM into a complete strategy.
• Standardize work through planning and job plans.
• Use CMMS data to drive decisions.
• Perform Root Cause Analysis on significant failures.
• Eliminate defects rather than repeatedly repairing them.
• Measure reliability using meaningful KPIs.
• Continuously improve processes based on lessons learned.

Product Opportunities#

The items below are potential future product ideas for roadmap and planning purposes. They are not existing Reliability Method products, features, or services.

Templates#

• Reliability Assessment Template
• Reliability Improvement Roadmap
• Reliability Audit Checklist
• Bad Actor Register
• Asset Health Review Worksheet

Calculators#

• Reliability Growth Calculator
• Lifecycle Cost Calculator
• Availability Calculator
• MTBF Calculator
• MTTR Calculator

AI Tools#

• Reliability Advisor
• Maintenance Strategy Assistant
• Failure Pattern Analyzer
• Reliability Improvement Planner
• Asset Health Assistant

Facility Manager Features#

• Reliability Dashboard
• Asset Health Scoring
• Failure History Analytics
• Reliability Project Tracker
• Lifecycle Cost Dashboard
• Reliability KPI Reporting
• AI Strategy Recommendations

Training#

• Reliability Engineering
• Reliability Improvement Workshop
• Reliability Leadership
• Defect Elimination
• Asset Lifecycle Management

Consulting#

• Reliability Assessment
• Reliability Roadmap Development
• Maintenance Strategy Optimization
• Reliability Program Implementation
• Asset Performance Improvement

Related Knowledge Topics#

• Asset Criticality Analysis
• Preventive Maintenance
• Predictive Maintenance
• Failure Modes
• Root Cause Analysis
• FMEA
• Reliability-Centered Maintenance
• Maintenance Planning
• Maintenance Scheduling
• Work Order Management
• CMMS Fundamentals
• Maintenance KPIs
• Asset Management

References#

• SMRP Body of Knowledge
• ISO 55000 — Asset Management
• ISO 14224 — Reliability and Maintenance Data
• ISO 17359 — Condition Monitoring
• SAE JA1011
• SAE JA1012
• IEC 60300 Reliability Management
• OEM Maintenance Documentation
• Reliability Method Internal Standards

Revision History#

Version 1.0 Initial Reliability Engineering foundation created.

Version 1.1 Expanded framework, execution, work management integration, and reliability processes.

Version 1.2 Completed industry guidance, maturity model, KPIs, product alignment, references, and long-term roadmap.

Reliability Engineering Governance#

Reliability Engineering should operate under documented governance with clearly defined responsibilities, engineering standards, and measurable objectives.

Governance should define:

• Program ownership
• Reliability objectives
• Engineering responsibilities
• Project approval process
• Review cadence
• Performance reporting
• Continuous improvement expectations

Governance aligns reliability initiatives with business strategy. This connects directly to Reliability Engineering and Work Management above — governance without an execution pathway into daily work produces reports rather than results.

Reliability Engineer Competencies#

Reliability Engineers should possess knowledge in:

• Reliability principles
• Statistics
• Failure analysis
• RCM
• FMEA
• RCA
• Precision maintenance
• Condition monitoring
• Data analysis
• Project management

Continuous professional development should be encouraged, consistent with the Reliability Engineer role described in Organizational Roles above.

Engineering Standards#

Standardize engineering practices for:

• Equipment installation
• Design reviews
• Modification approval
• Failure investigations
• Reliability calculations
• Asset acceptance

Engineering standards improve consistency across the organization and support the Reliability Engineering Governance program above.